This is a three-item, five-point scale assessing a person's experience with the surprise-related emotion. The directions and response scale can be worded so as to measure the intensity of the emotional state at the present time or they can be adjusted to measure the frequency with which a person has experienced the emotion during some specified time period. One-word items were used in the study by Westbrook and Oliver (1991) and phrases based on those same items were used by Allen, Machleit, and Kleine (1992).
This is a three-item, five-point scale used to measure one's stillness-related emotional reaction to some specified stimulus.
This is an 80-item, five-point, Likert-type scale. The scale is intended to capture a person's tendency to approach rather than avoid varied and novel experiences. The originator of the scale has said that the ''degree of novelty in any experience is a function of the discrepancy between an individual's past experience and the present one'' (Pearson 1970, p. 199). An abridged version of the instrument measured two dimensions of innovativeness with eight items each using a dichotomous response scale (Venkatraman 1991; Venkatraman and Price 1990).
The three-item, five-point scale assesses a person's interest-related emotional experience. The directions and response scale can be worded so as to measure the intensity of the emotional state at the present time or they can be adjusted to measure the frequency with which a person has experienced the emotion during some specified time period. One-word items were used in the study by Westbrook and Oliver (1991) and phrases based on those same items were used by Allen, Machleit, and Kleine (1992).
A three-item, five-point scale is used to measure one's excitement-related emotional reaction to some specific stimulus.
The scale is composed of 95 items and uses a five-point, Likert-type response format. It is intended to measure a personality characteristic concerned with the desire for change and variation in stimuli. The originators of the scale have said that change seeking ''is a habitual, consistent pattern of behavior which acts to control the amount and kind of stimulus input a given organism receives'' (Garlington and Shimota 1964, p. 920).
This scale is used to measure the level of stimulation and arousal a person prefers. Over time, it has been used with different numbers of items and response alternatives. Two long versions have been offered by the originator. A five-item subset was used by Dawson, Bloch, and Ridgway (1990) and referred to as ''stimulation seeking.''
A six-item, six-point summated ratings scale is used to measure the arousal-related emotional reaction one has to an environmental stimulus. The scale focuses on the person's feelings rather than being a direct description of the stimulus.
A three-item, five-point scale is used to measure one's excitement-related emotional reaction to an environmental stimulus.
This seven-point Likert-type scale measures the degree to which a person reports being willing, even eager, to try new and/or unfamiliar stores and products.
