Four, seven-point Likert-type items are used to measure a person's relative attitude toward two versions of a product that differ in their targets: one made for a global market and the other made for the local market.
Ten, seven-point items are used to measure the extent to which a person identifies with people in his/her local community.
A four-item, six-point, Likert-type scale is used to measure a consumer's intention to buy American-made brands in a specified product category. The scale was referred to as willingness to help by Olsen, Granzin, and Biswas (1993). It is called something a little different here because the items emphasize the extra effort one tries to make to purchase domestically produced brands rather than explicitly measuring a person's willingness to buy American-made products in order to help American workers.
A nine-item, seven-point Likert-type scale is used to measure a person's attitude toward some specified country.
The scale is composed of nine, five-point items that are intended to measure the degree to which a consumer has an aversion towards the products produced by members of particular minority group and/or their businesses.
The extent to which a person expresses preference for and identification with his/her country rather than others is measured with this six item, five-point scale.
The scale is composed of four items that are intended to measure the degree to which a person expresses a preference for products produced in his/her country by a particular ethnic group, probably the dominant one, rather than products that were produced domestically but by another ethnic group, probably a minority.
The scale is composed of three items that are intended to measure the degree to which a person expresses beliefs about the negative effects a particular ethnic group (probably a minority) is having on another group (probably the country's ethnic majority).
Eleven, seven-point Likert-type items are purported to measure the degree to which a person expresses beliefs consistent with a conservative political position and exhibits loyalty to the country. The scale might be described as measuring something more akin to psuedopatriotism, in that several of the items indicate a blind loyalty rather than a love of country based on critical understanding (Levison 1950, p. 107).
Three, seven-point Likert-type items are purported to measure the degree to which a person believes the security of the domestic economy in his or her country is threatened by foreign competitors.
