structure
With three-items, the scale measures how much a person knows who is socially superior or inferior to him- or herself in a particular community
With eight, six-point Likert-type items, the scale measures how much at a particular moment in time one’s motivation is to be around people and situations in which he/she has high certainty of what to expect.
The degree to which a person feels uneasy when society appears to be changing rapidly is measured with three, seven-point items.
The five item, nine-point Likert scale measures a person’s belief that an advertisement uses a story-like format that communicates information about critical structural components such as who, what, where, and why.
With six, nine-point Likert-type items, the scale measures a person’s general attitude that society should have well-defined rules (social norms and laws) and that punishment is appropriate when rules are not adhered to. WARNING: The article in which this scale was reported has been retracted by the second author due to anomilies in the data and analyses [Journal of Consumer Research (2020), 47 (4), 632]. The extent to which the anomilies affected this scale is unknown.
The scale uses four, nine-point items to measure the extent to which it is believed that something, such as a particular person or group, is corrupting society and harming social order. WARNING: The article in which this scale was reported has been retracted by the second author due to anomilies in the data and analyses [Journal of Consumer Research (2020), 47 (4), 632]. The extent to which the anomilies affected this scale is unknown.
The ease with which a person reports being able to get around a website and find what is wanted is measured using four, seven-point Likert-type items.
The seriousness of a situation is measured in this scale using five, seven-point bi-polar adjectives.
Four, five-point semantic-differentials are used to measure a person's attitude about the way an advertisement is visually presented. The study by Burns and Lutz (2006) focused on ad formats that are used online, e.g., banners, pop-ups, skyscrapers, interstitials.
The uni-polar scale is intended to measure the extent to which a person considers a website to lack clear structure and ease of use. It is composed of four terms and utilizes a five-point response format.